Disrupting Invisibility Fields – Provincializing ‘Western Code’ Trans* Narratives

Authors

  • Marek Sancho Höhne Europa-Universität Viadrina Frankfurt (Oder) / Berlin
  • Thamar Klein Universität zu Köln

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17169/ogj.2019.24

Keywords:

biopolitics, decolonialization, gender, medico-legal, transgender, resistance

Abstract

This paper illuminates the colonial project of medicalizing and diciplining trans* bodies in order to disrupt ‘Western code’ trans* narratives. We will first explore different systems of control concerning (trans*)gender that are employed by the ‘Western code’: biologization, temporality, classification, and pathologization. We will then move on to reflect on some realities of trans*-specific healthcare and its colonial heritage. In both of these sections, our attention lies with ‘invisibility fields’ (in Germany and South Africa) –the cloaked power structures that disguise the colonial project as somebody else’s problem. Finally, in an attempt to interrupt and provincialize ‘Western code’ trans* narratives, we open up space for counternarratives and stories of resistance.

Author Biographies

Marek Sancho Höhne, Europa-Universität Viadrina Frankfurt (Oder) / Berlin

Marek Sancho Höhne is currently writing their PhD on destabilizing popular imaginations of trans_gender and putting them into dialogue with trans_life stories, lecturing at different universities and working as a project manager. Their research interest include social- and cultural anthropology, autoethnography, trans_gender and queer studies, passing, intersectionality, migration, biographies and mapping.

Thamar Klein, Universität zu Köln

Thamar Klein lectures at the University of Cologne. Their research interests include medical anthropology, transgender and queer studies as well as research methods.

References

Abu-Lughod, Lila (1991): Writing against Culture. In: Fox, Richard (Ed.): Recapturing Anthropology. Santa Fe: School of American Research Press, 137-162. AIDS-Hilfe Paderborn: http://paderborn.aidshilfe.de/de/startseite/ (22.02.2019).

Adams, Douglas (1982): Life, the universe, and everything. Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy Book 3. New York: Random House.

Aizura, Aren Z. (2018): Mobile Subjects. Transnational Imaginaries of Gender Reassignment. Durham: Duke University Press.

Aizura, Aren Z./Cotten, Trystan/Balzer, Carsten aka. Carla LaGata/Ochoa, Marcia/Vidal-Ortiz, Salvador (2014): Introduction. In: TSQ: Transgender Studies Quarterly 1(3), 308-319. doi: 10.1215/23289252-2685606.

Amin, Kadji (2014): Temporality. In: TSQ: Transgender Studies Quarterly 1 (1-2), 219-222. doi: 10.1215/23289252-2400073.

APTN Asia Pacific Transgender Network (2017): The “Gender Incongruence of Childhood” diagnosis revisited: A statement from clinicians and researchers. http://www.weareaptn.org/2017/10/08/the-gender-incongruence-of-childhooddiagnosis-revisited-a-statement-from-clinicians-and-researchers/ (22.02.2019).

Appadurai, Arjun (1995): The production of locality. In: Fardon, Richard (Ed.): Counterworks Managing the Diversity of Knowledge. London and New York: Routledge, 204-225.

Arendt, Hannah (2007): Vita Activa oder vom tätigen Leben (5. Auflage). München: Piper Verlag.

Bowker, Geoffrey C./Star, Susan Leigh (2000): Sorting things out. Classification and its consequences. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Butler, Judith (1990): Gender trouble: Feminism and the subversion of identity. New York: Routledge.

Butler, Judith/Spivak, Gayatri Chakravorty (2007): Sprache, Politik, Zugehörigkeit. Zürich and Berlin: diaphenes.

Çetin, Zülfukar/Prasad, Nivedita (2015): Leerstellen im Diskurs um Frauenrechte ohne Rassismus und Klassismus. In: Ҫetin, Zülfukar/Taş, Savaş (Ed.): Gespräche über Rassismus. Perspektiven & Widerstände. Berlin: Verlag Yılmaz-Günay, 107-116.

Davis, Rebecca (2012): Johannesburg Gay Pride Parade Pits Politics against Partying. Nasty Clashes Expose the Fault Lines in South Africa's Gay Community, where Issues of Race, Gender, Class and Sexual Identity Intersect. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/oct/09/joburg-gay-pride-clash (09.01.2018).

Delphy, Christine (1993): Rethinking sex and gender. In: Women's Studies International Forum 16 (1), 1-9. doi: 10.1016/0277-5395(93)90076-L.

Duran-Albrecht, Erin (2017): Postcolonial Disablement and/as Transition. Trans* Haitian Narratives of Breaking Open and Stitching Together. In: TSQ. Transgender Studies Quarterly 4 (2), 195-207. doi: 10.1215/23289252-3814997.

Fabian, Johannes (1983): Time and the Other. How Anthropology makes its object. New York: Columbia University Press.

Freeman, Elizabeth (2010): Time Binds. Queer Temporalities, Queer Histories. Durham and London: Duke University Press.

Haritaworn, Jin (2012): Colorful Bodies in the Multikulti Metropolis. Vitality, Victimology and Transgressive Citizenship in Berlin. In: Cotten, Trystan T. (Ed.): Transgender Migrations. The Bodies, Borders, and Politics of Transition. New York: Routledge, 11-31.

Heerdegen, Dmitri/Höhne, Marek Sancho (2018): On Normativity and Absence: Representation of LGBTI* in Textbook Research. In: Bock, Annekatrin/Fuchs, Eckhardt (Ed.): Handbook of Textbook Studies. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 239-249.

Herdt, Gilbert H. (Ed.) (2003): Third sex, third gender. Beyond sexual dimorphism in culture and history. 3rd edition. New York: Zone Books.

Hill Collins, Patricia (2009): Black feminist thought. Knowledge, consciousness, and the politics of empowerment. 2nd edition. New York and London: Routledge.

hooks, bell (1989): Talking Back. thinking feminist. thinking black. Cambridge: South End Press.

Höhne, Marek (2017): Gedenkveranstaltung Orlando Berlin. Own transcript.

Husakouskaya, Nadzeya (2013): Becoming a Transgender/Intersex Internal Migrant in Urban Gauteng. Challenges and Experiences of Transition while Seeking Access to Medical Services. MA thesis. University of the Witwatersrand (South Africa) / University of Oldenburg (Germany). EMMIR/ACMS. http://flif.uni-oldenburg.de/forsch_ausgaben/ 2014-01/Masterarbeit_Nadzeya_Husakouskaya.pdf (09.01.2018)

Israeli-Nevo, Atalia (2017): Taking (My) Time: Temporality in Transition, Queer Delays and Being (in the) Present. In: Somatechnics 7 (1), 34-49. doi: 10.3366/soma.2017.0204.

Kaplan, Robert M. (2004): Treatment of Homosexuality During Apartheid. In: BMJ 329 (7480), 1415–1416. doi: 10.1136/bmj.329.7480.1415.

Klein, Thamar (2013): Necessity is the Mother of Invention: Access Inequalities to Medical Technologies Faced by Transgendered South Africans. In: Technology and Innovation, 15(2): 165-179. doi: 10.3727/194982413X13650843069077.

Klein, Thamar (2012a): Configuring Trans* Citizens in South Africa: Somatechnics, Self-Formation and Governmentality In: Geissler, Paul W./Rottenburg, Richard/Zenker, Julia (Ed.): Rethinking biomedicine and governance in Africa. Contributions from anthropology. Bielefeld: transcript (VerKörperungen, 15), 43-76.

Klein, Thamar (2012b): Who Decides Whose Gender? Medico-legal classifications of sex and gender and their impact on transgendered South Africans’ family rights. In: Ethnoscripts 14 (2): 12-34. https://www.ethnologie.uni-hamburg.de/forschung/publikationen/ethnoscripts/es-14-2/es-14-2-klein.pdf (22.02.2019)

Lugones, María (2008): Colonialidad y genero. In: Tabula Rasa 9, 73-101.

Lugones, María (2007): Heterosexualism and the Colonial / Modern Gender System. In: Hypatia 22 (1), 186-209. doi: 10.1111/j.1527-2001.2007.tb01156.x.

Mbembe, Achille (2001): On the Postcolony. London: University of California Press.

Morgan, Ruth/Wieringa, Saskia (Ed.) (2005): Tommy Boys, Lesbian Men and Ancestral Wives. Female same-sex practices in Africa. Johannesburg: Jacana Media.

Müller, Alex (2013): Teaching lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender health in a South African health sciences faculty: addressing the gap. In: BMC Medical Education 13 (174), 1-7. doi: 10.1186/1472-6920-13-174.

Mignolo, Walter D. (2011): The Darker Side of Western Modernity. Global Futures, Decolonial Options. Durham: Duke University Press.

Muñoz, Esteban José (1999): Disidentifications. Queers of Color and the Performance of Politics. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.

Nkabinde, Nkunzi/Morgan, Ruth (2005): "This has happened since ancient times… it's something you are born with": ancestral wives amongst same-sex sangomas in South Africa. In: Saskia Wieringa und Ruth Morgan (Ed.): Tommy boys, lesbian men and ancestral wives. Johannesburg, London: Jacana Media, 231–258.

Nnaemeka, Obioma (2005): Bodies that don’t matter: Black bodies and the European Gaze. In: Eggers, M./Kilomba, G./Piesche, P./Arndt, S. (Ed.) (2005): Mythen, Masken und Subjekte. Kritische Weißseinsforschung in Deutschland. Münster: Unrast-Verlag, 90- 104.

Nicholson, Linda (1994): Interpreting Gender. In: Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society 20 (1), 79-105. doi: 10.1086/494955.

Oyӗwùmí, Oyèrónké (2002): Conceptualizing Gender: The Eurocentric Foundation of Feminist Concepts and the Challenge of African Epistemologies. In: Jenda: A Journal of Culture and African Women Studies 2 (1).

Puar, Jasbir K (2007): Terrorist Assemblages. Homonationalism in queer times. Durham and London: Duke University Press.

Swarr, Amanda Lock (2004): Moffies, Artists, and Queens. Race and the Production of South African Gay Male Drag. In: Journal of Homosexuality 46 (3/4), 73–89. doi: 10.1300/J082v46n03_05.

Thompson, Hale/King, Lisa (2015): Who Counts as “Transgender”? Epidemiological Methods and a Critical Intervention. TSQ. Transgender Studies Quarterly 2(1), 148-159. doi: 10.1215/23289252-2848913.

Transgender and Intersex Africa (2013): African, Trans* and Proud. https://www.facebook.com/195694323776480/videos/573483822664193/ (21.02.2019).

trans*march (2014): https://www.facebook.com/events/transmarch-berlin/380722405409989/ (25.02.2019). transsexworks: http://transsexworks.com/?page_id=170&lang=de_DE (10.01.2018).

Tuck, Eve (2009): Suspending Damage: A Letter to Communities. In: Harvard Educational Review 79 (3), 409–428. doi: 10.17763/haer.79.3.n0016675661t3n15.

Van Zyl, Mikki/de Gruchy, Jeanelle/Lapinsky, Sheila/Lewin, Simon/Reid, Graeme (1999): The Aversion Project: Human Rights Abuses of Gays and Lesbians in the SADF by Health Workers during the Apartheid Era. Cape Town: Simply Said and Done. http://www.mrc.ac.za/healthsystems/aversion.pdf (10.01.2018).

Ware, Syrus Marcus (2017): All Power to all People? Black LGBTTI2QQ Activism, Remembrance, and Archiving in Toronto. In: Transgender Studies Quarterly 4 (2), 170–180. doi: 10.1215/23289252-3814961.

World Health Organisation (2016): ICD-10. Classifications of Mental and Behavioural Disorder: Clinical Descriptions and Diagnostic Guidelines. Geneva. http://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/F01-F99/F60-F69/F64- (19.01.2018).

Wiss, Rosemary. (1994): Lipreading: Remembering Saartjie Baartman. In: The Australian Journal of Anthropology 5 (1-2), 11-40. doi: 10.1111/j.1835-9310.1994.tb00323.x.

WPATH (The World Professional Association for Transgender Health) (2012): Standards of Care for the Health of Transsexual, Transgender, and Gender Nonconforming People (7th Version). https://www.wpath.org/media/cms/Documents/SOC%20v7/Standards%20of%20Care_V7%20Full%20Book_English.pdf (04.06.2019).

Downloads

Published

2019-06-25

How to Cite

Höhne, M. S., & Klein, T. (2019). Disrupting Invisibility Fields – Provincializing ‘Western Code’ Trans* Narratives. Open Gender Journal, 3. https://doi.org/10.17169/ogj.2019.24

Issue

Section

Research Articles

Similar Articles

<< < 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 > >> 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.